Case Analysis Petitioner Dennys Rodriguez - 986 Words

BACKGROUND: Petitioner Dennys Rodriguez (â€Å"Rodriguez†) was stopped by Officer Struble, around midnight, for driving on the shoulder thereby violating a Nebraska statute. Officer Struble issued Rodriguez a warning for the violation. He then asked Rodriguez for consent to a dog sniff around the car, Rodriguez refused, and Officer Struble ordered him out of the car, to facilitate the dog sniff. Rodriguez waited for a backup officer to arrive and the dog sniff was conducted within minutes. The dog alerted Officer Struble to drugs in the car after the second pass. A search ensued revealing a â€Å"bag of methamphetamine.† The United States District Court for the District of Nebraska indicted the petitioner for â€Å"possession with intent to†¦show more content†¦A traffic stop is analogous to a Terry stop, a limited seizure with its scope and duration defined by its mission; addressing the violation that initiated the stop, attend related safety concerns, and conduct ordinary inquiries incident to the stop. Justice Alito’s suggestion, to change the order of the dog sniff, is refuted because only unrelated checks, that do not prolong a stop, are permissible. Further, ordinary inquiries incident to the stop are within the mission because they â€Å"serve the same objective†, to enforce the traffic code. Conversely, dog sniffs do not serve that objective. Justice Thomas’s dissent, joined by Justice Alito and Justice Kennedy, addressed a different question, â€Å"whether an officer executed a stop in a reasonable manner.† Finding that Officer Struble reasonably executed the stop and, â€Å"no Fourth Amendment violation occurred.† EVALUATION: The Fourth Amendment ensures â€Å"[t]he right of people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures.† Balancing individual Fourth Amendment rights against legitimate government interests, is the central issue of this case. The Court’s decision resolved a divide in lower courts, distinguished the relevant government interest for the general interest in crime, analogized traffic stops to a Terry stop, and explained the â€Å"mission†.Ultimately, this decision strengthened the Fourth

Confusionism - 617 Words

The differences in conceptions of the Ultimate come across perhaps most clearly in considering conceptions of conversion. While other religions conceive of a (relatively) personal Ultimate (Jesus, Allah, or even Brahman), who while transcendent nonetheless offer moments of immanence, Chinese religion locates whatever ultimate there may be in the process of transcendent transformation, where the issue is not so much one of transcendence/immanence but of transforming the self into non-self beyond this reality. This form of contemplating the ultimate is so foreign to the West that we ask â€Å"What is Truth?† while the Chinese ask â€Å"What is the Way?† . But even when asking the wrong questions and/or coming to the table unsure of how to interpret†¦show more content†¦Confucius believe in ancestor devotion. The Ancestors names are usually kept in shrines. The duty of the father was to make sacrifices and to report any family concerns to these shrines. Confucius emphasized five virtues, which are the the ideals of Confucianism. The Confucian virtues are something that should reflect sincerity and inner spirit. The most important one was ren which means humanity he thought that should be the ideal for everyone to follow. Then came up with yi, honesty zhi, knowledge xin faithfulness and li; correct behavior. All adherents of Confucianism should practice ethics that are exemplified by the propagation of virtues or principles. There are many virtues that adherents of Confucianism should follow for instance loyalty, continence, piety, bravery, gentleness, among others. However, there are five fundamental principles in Confucianism that include humaneness (Ren), Righteousness (Yi), Knowledge (Zhi), Etiquette (Li) and Integrity (Xin). Humaneness obliges people to show altruism to other people in a community. This means that one should be loyal to his true nature, should show reciprocity to good deeds, be kind and show piety. Humaneness dictates that people observe the Golden Rule, ‘Do not do to others what you do not want done to 0yourself’. Being righteous means being morally disposed to do good. Etiquette on the other hand is a system ofShow MoreRelated Destruction of the American Dream in Death of a Salesman Essay1042 Words   |  5 Pagesthe American dream. Although the play caused some interesting comments, such as the one from Eleanor Clark, a reviewer in 1949, who said, â€Å"The play with its peculiar, hodge-podge of dated materials and facile new ones is†¦ an ambitious piece of confusionism, such as in any other sphere would probably be called a hoax, and which has been put across by purely technical skills not unlike those of a magician or an acrobat,† the play received a lot of acclaimed attention and is noted by many to have anRead MoreEssay on Shintoism and Buddhism1210 Words   |  5 Pageswas at a point where it was time to change the governmental system. Because of this, it is apparent that Buddhism had a major effect on Japans history. Also, Shintoism and Buddhism, as well as several other less major religions, including Confusionism and Christianity, have had a major effect on the history of Japan. Not only have they changed the peoples lives, but they have actually disintegrated an entire government, as shown through the Kamakura Bakufu. Throughout the history of JapanRead MoreThe Impact of Confucius on the Development of Chinese Thought and Culture1528 Words   |  7 Pagesparts of modern day Chinese society. It wasn’t until after Confucianism became the official state ideology of China, it assisted China with great success in politics and culture diversity in the pre-modern era. (Huang, 2013) Confucius created Confusionism as an answer to all of China’s growing political and social problems. Its principles were established to help the citizens of China to live productive and harmoniously. Confucianis’ philosophies have been a major part of the lives of the Chinese

Save Our Environment free essay sample

A very good morning to my teachers and my fellow students. I am here today to give a speech about our role to ‘save our environment’. Today, when environment is being polluted so vigorously, everyone has only one question on their mind that is how to save environment from being polluted. The strongest way to protect environment is save trees. Trees play an important role to keep air clean. If there will be no fresh air available then how will human beings, animal, and birds survive? Therefore, a clean environment is the need for every living object on this earth. Many big organizations, schools, colleges, and NGOs are taking initiatives to save trees for a better future, clean air, and unpolluted environment, in short healthy life for living objects. Nowadays, trees are being cut with a great speed for full filling daily needs of human beings. You might have noticed that as the number of trees is reducing disasters are being continuously increasing, which is ultimately leading into high death rate. We will write a custom essay sample on Save Our Environment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A big part of the trees is cut to make paper to help us do our personal and official works. If the use of paper will be minimized then we can save a large number of trees from being cut, which leads into healthy and clean environment that is fresh air and healthy life. One of the biggest initiatives to save trees is to promoting the use of paper less media like mobile phones. It is really a great idea to use paperless media to minimize the use of paper. Another initiative, which has been taken by schools, colleges, and universities in the increase in online examinations. Finally, i hope that one day we could be a responsible human being, we all need to take some initiatives to protect environment and to save trees to live a better life. That is all, thanks for listening.

My Sister Lives on the Mantelpiece free essay sample

James’ father develops a dangerous alcohol problem and his mother estranges them because she is unacquainted with sufficient methods of dealing with her grief. These background details are introduced prior to the climax of the story and this provides the reader with a more comprehensive understanding of the story, and more importantly the themes. The book is constructed around two key themes, Discrimination and Greif. Family is very appropriately and insightfully entwined into the theme of Greif, as the story is strongly directed by the reaction of individuals to the emotions that afflict them. Jamie’s family has gone into meltdown, escalating in his Mum leaving and his alcoholic Dad deciding to up sticks and move the family including Rose’s twin sister, Jasmine, from London to an isolated, rural area in the Lake District. Jamie is a stoical figure, often wishing life were better but he holds onto the idea that his Mum will come back to them and that his parents will be able to move on from Rose’s death. We will write a custom essay sample on My Sister Lives on the Mantelpiece or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Story examines grief and the ways in which it can tear families apart. Jamie’s Dad is so focussed on his own grief that he becomes blind to the needs of his remaining living family. The heavy-drinking father that is portrayed, I sense, intentionally, was never fully fleshed out. He is mired in racial prejudice, blaming Muslims for all the ills of Britain and more so for the death of his beloved daughter. You take on trust that being mad with grief has created this sodden and sorry excuse for a father because his drinking only occurs during the story whenever Rose arises within conversation. Even he is not beyond redemption and he certainly fares better in the story than the uncaring, absent mother. The reader is shown little about her to arouse sympathy. She is merely an empty figure who has abandoned her children. Pitcher  handles Jamies sad plight very well. The scenes where he is bullied at school are convincing and heart wrenching especially the apathetic response of the teachers. His lonely and bemusing life makes him mournfully reflect at one point: Summers a bit too bright for me . . . autumns better. Everythings bit droopier and you dont feel left out of the fun. This demonstrates Jamie’s character very accurately due to the fact that he is constantly portrayed in a way that is not quite fitting into anything. This quote is evidence of the affect that the story’s very negative themes have on youth and more generally, on the characters involved. Another theme that hold strong throughout the book is that of discrimination. Things look hopeful for Jamie when he makes friends with Sunya. This friendship is the true representative for the theme of discrimination throughout this story in several ways. The first is that Jamie and Sunya are both alienated by their fellow class-mates for reasons that are both racial and social. As a result of this their friendship becomes a  refuge from the maelstrom that is Jamie’s family life and that is the school experience of both Jamie and Sunya. The second way this friendship exhibits strong discriminatory themes is that Sunya is a Muslim and Jamie’s father is a blatant and irrational racist. The unlikely event of Jamie falling in love with Sunya is an addition to the already brooding drama that consumes the main story but also, becomes hugely important in its self because the captivating and delightful romance that begins to form between the two main characters is drastically abolished by Jamie’s furious and disgraced father. Although discrimination interferes frequently with the relationship of Jamie and Sunya, Jamie doesnt let this define his comradeship with a girl who offers him her friendship. As the relationship develops into a charming and resilient friendship, evidence of the purposeless nature of discrimination is made so obvious to the reader that it becomes clear that discrimination of any sort serves only as a futile and destructive means of discharging anger and grief. The strong message being that diversity isnt something to fear, but something to embrace and accept as Jamie does to Sunya. Another very important element to this theme is the way in which Jamie’s outlook on life is conveyed. At one stage he says â€Å"Dad says all Muslims make bombs in their kitchens but Sunya’s dad didn’t look like he made bombs and I think he might have been wrong.. I didn’t tell him though. † This shows that because of Jamie’s youth he is untainted by the strong racial prejudices of his father but also demonstrates the generational influence that occurs in such matters. The themes of book My Sister Lives on the Mantelpiece are of great likeness to the short story I studied in class â€Å"The Washerwoman’s Children† by Katherine Mansfield which tells the story of two poor girls who are excluded from society as a result of a social prejudice that is ingrained in their community. Because their lifestyle is humble and their mother was poor they are shunned because they were seen as less valuable than everybody else. This sort of discrimination has great likeness to the many forms of discrimination that are prevalent throughout â€Å"My Sister Lives on the Mantelpiece†. The difference that is present between the two stories however is that in overcoming the social discrimination occurs in different ways. In The Washerwoman’s Children, Lillian and Elspeth endure their entire childhood held strictly in exclusion by the discrimination they faced and it is not until they both become very successful and famous that they earn some degree of respect from others because they now had something that others could gain from befriending them. In My Sister Lives on the Mantelpiece Jamie’s rare optimism and abstract views mean that he is able to see deeper than the views his father forces on him and he is determined to prove to himself that Sunya is everything his father says, up on realising this is not the case their friendship grows and strengthens providing a very positive outcome and moral in the story. If you discriminate without true knowledge you often lose the opportunity to gain something much more valuable than acceptance. Those who discriminated against Lilian and Elspeth believed that they were only valuable when they had prestigious titles and connections to offer them for popularity. What they never realised is that they were two very intelligent and compassionate children who had invaluable friendship to offer from the very beginning. The novel My Sister Lives on the Mantelpiece will make you laugh and cry – Jamie is one of the most credible child narrators I have ever encountered and you feel drawn right into his world. The book deals with some very heavy themes successfully in a way that is both light-hearted and touching. I enjoyed it immensely and I would definitely recommend it to a variety of age groups in the hope that they learn or are reminded of the very precious and useful lessons that I was.

Godfather Ii Essays - English-language Films, Action-adventure Games

Godfather Ii Armando Powell The real importance of any movie can't be adequately appraised solely by box office success or critical response. 'The Godfather Part II is an example of how a carefully crafted sequel to a great film can become both a box office and critical success when attention is paid to its artistic quality. The movie continues the tale of the Corleone family, and presents to the viewers a world filled with greed and betrayal, family union and loyalty. A companion piece in the truest sense of the term, The Godfather Part II earned as much praise as its predecessor, if not more. Earning twelve Academy Award nominations, the second installment has been rightfully hailed as the best sequel of all time. While The Godfather, Part II did not exceed the box office gross of the original, the movie can still be considered a blockbuster, and not at all a flop. The Godfather earned instant success when it was first released in 1972. Earning both praise from critics and box office success, making about $135 million, the movie became an instant classic. One of the reasons for the high status of The Godfather Part II lies in the fact that the movie was authored by the same author with the same intent in mind. While other sequels usually serve as nothing more than easy way for unimaginative producers to cash on previous successes, The Godfather Part II was a nice opportunity for Coppola to experiment, correct some possible flaws or even answer to critics of his previous work. (Dragan Antulov, IMDB) The biggest and most serious objection to The Godfather was Coppola's allegedly apologetic portrayal the Mafia. Coppola was accused of showing organized crime as being more noble and less violent than it actually was. His Mafiosi are shown as dedicated family men, opposed to narcotics and any unnecessary violence, and in some way even better alternat ive to legitimate government. In the second movie, Coppola intended to use the story of the first part to paint more realistic and, consequently, much darker picture. Instant financial success did not follow The Godfather Part Two as it did the first movie. The reason was created due to the fact that the second movie represented one of the examples of the now generally despised practice in modern Hollywood, making sequels out of the successful, great movies. Such practice earned the utter disdain of contemporary critics because the sequels almost always fail to meet the standards of its predecessors, and, more often than not, succeed only in tarnishing their great memory. Therefore audiences were wary of attending the second movie, fearing it would not live up to their expectations. The box office numbers reflect this; the second movie earned only $57.3 million. Nevertheless, other factors contribute to the blockbuster status of the movie. The Godfather Part 2 is considered to be the finest sequel ever made and is arguably a finer film than the original Godfather. The film is divided into two main parts, the story of a young Vito Corleone and the rise to power of Michael as the head of the family. The film expands upon the original movie and brings us into the family's activities in Nevada, Florida and Havana. Set in the 1950s, the story picks up soon after The Godfather left off: Michael Corleone has moved some operations to Las Vegas, but remains involved in New York organized crime. He also seeks to expand operations to pre-Castro Cuba, in partnership with aging, chronically ill Hyman Roth (Lee Strasberg). He also has to defend himself against congressional hearings into his criminal activities. As in the first film, Michael ruthlessly punishes those who oppose or betray the 'family' (i.e. himself). Although his success continues, he also becomes ever more cold and distant: nearly a personification of evil. The only emotions that remain are the desires to punish those who have hurt him. The second part involves flashbacks of Michael's father Vito first as a boy, then as a young man. Vito (De Niro) immigrates to America, alone, to escape a vendetta against his family. Although he can be as ruthless as his son would later be, Vito also rewards with favors those who are

Free Essays on The Chinese And Their Part In The Transcontinental Railroad

In 1850 there were only a few hundred Chinese in California. Most were merchants who were respected as honest upright citizens California people called them the â€Å"celestials† because they came from the â€Å"Celestial Kingdom.† By 1852 there were about 20,000 Chinese on the western coast, looking for gold during the Gold Rush. Their skills as miners caused jealousy and hatred. They were accused of stealing from the Americans. Chinamen were attacked by hoodlums on San Francisco streets for no other reasons than there race. James Strobridge hated the thought of hiring â€Å"Orientals†; He thought they were â€Å"heathen weaklings and at the best they were fit for washing clothes and raising vegetables.† He said â€Å"I will not boss Chinese†¦.. They are not fit for labor.† The Chinese immigrants were eager for work and at least five thousand men were needed for blasting roadbeds around and through mountains. At the time the Central Pacific Railroad construction crew had less than 800 men, and many went on strike for more money. By the spring of 1865 the situation was so bad Croker convinced Strobridge to hire 50 Chinamen on a trial basis. Thrown into freight cars in the Sacramento station and hauled to the end of the track, they were immediately put to work. At first Strobridge gave them simple unskilled jobs such as filling and dumping carts. He believed they were to weak to swing heavy hammers. However the white men refused to work with the China men ; many white men quit. So Strobridge had to test the Chinese. Strobridge was told was told that â€Å"the coolies were better than any white mans crew.† According to one of the observers this was one of â€Å"the cruelest blow of all the egos of the whites.† Strobridge asked Croker to find more Chinese. Within six months more than two thousand Chinese were hired. The Chinese Protective Society which had been organized by San Francisco clergy men, met ships with armed guards to pr... Free Essays on The Chinese And Their Part In The Transcontinental Railroad Free Essays on The Chinese And Their Part In The Transcontinental Railroad In 1850 there were only a few hundred Chinese in California. Most were merchants who were respected as honest upright citizens California people called them the â€Å"celestials† because they came from the â€Å"Celestial Kingdom.† By 1852 there were about 20,000 Chinese on the western coast, looking for gold during the Gold Rush. Their skills as miners caused jealousy and hatred. They were accused of stealing from the Americans. Chinamen were attacked by hoodlums on San Francisco streets for no other reasons than there race. James Strobridge hated the thought of hiring â€Å"Orientals†; He thought they were â€Å"heathen weaklings and at the best they were fit for washing clothes and raising vegetables.† He said â€Å"I will not boss Chinese†¦.. They are not fit for labor.† The Chinese immigrants were eager for work and at least five thousand men were needed for blasting roadbeds around and through mountains. At the time the Central Pacific Railroad construction crew had less than 800 men, and many went on strike for more money. By the spring of 1865 the situation was so bad Croker convinced Strobridge to hire 50 Chinamen on a trial basis. Thrown into freight cars in the Sacramento station and hauled to the end of the track, they were immediately put to work. At first Strobridge gave them simple unskilled jobs such as filling and dumping carts. He believed they were to weak to swing heavy hammers. However the white men refused to work with the China men ; many white men quit. So Strobridge had to test the Chinese. Strobridge was told was told that â€Å"the coolies were better than any white mans crew.† According to one of the observers this was one of â€Å"the cruelest blow of all the egos of the whites.† Strobridge asked Croker to find more Chinese. Within six months more than two thousand Chinese were hired. The Chinese Protective Society which had been organized by San Francisco clergy men, met ships with armed guards to pr...

The role of Technology, Government, Entrepreneurshipin pre-post world Essay

The role of Technology, Government, Entrepreneurshipin pre-post world war 2 - Essay Example These nations also got into scientific research where by technological, industrial and military weapons discovery and advancement took place. The research aimed at building machinery and weapons to combat threat by enemies. Significant alter in government and political map, radically changed to keep limits on what a territory could do and it could not do in regard to size and capabilities it attained1. This paper discusses the role of technology, government, and entrepreneurship in pre-post World War II. The introduction of Controlled Material Plan led to the distribution of materials to the people who were directly involved in the war. This included the dispersal of weapons and other critical material to the military. The plan also involved distribution of metal like copper, steel and aluminum. This dispersal regulated the demand and supply to industries. The dispersal involved relocation of critical materials regardless the time of request, their form or quantity. The government wa s directly controlling the administration, supervision and manufacturing of these materials back in the manufacturing centers to the heart of a nation’s economy despite the influence of war and desperation. The control and decentralization of CMP took place under an organization created by the government referred to as the pyramid. Government officials chaired the pyramid. They scheduled dispersion of critical materials to the Navy department, War department, maritime commission, economic and trade commission, as well as, the lend-lease administration2 . The new deal involved a series of economic strategies in the domestic level in which programs were created and enacted to the native people. The new deal comprised of a congress and a presidential correspondence, where by, the congress passed laws as the president administered executive orders. As a result, the native people underwent a historic depression in which they responded to the program by advocating economic recovery , poverty and unemployment relief, as well as financial system reform. The people’s cry resulted to political realignment and creation of strategies for the new deal. These strategies involved reforms like formation of democratic parties in different nations, as well as presidential sitting, of up to ten years3. However, the New Deal did not end the depression as Europe and America aided the Allies. The involvement of the America in the bombing Pearl Harbor was a sign of growing stormy clouds of the World War II. In fact, this revitalized threats to the target nations like African Americans, therefore, imposing economic downgrading to these nations. The results from threats, arising from upcoming of the World War II generated crush in the stock markets of nations all over. The governments reaffirmed the corrective objective of the existence of the New Deal by instilling full participation policy. The reaffirming policy required people to involve themselves in the defense make up regardless of race and creed4. The governments in deferent nations imposed martial laws so that they could preserve discipline and moral uprightness in the societies they governed. Presidents imposed martial laws in accordance to the requirements emergency acts declared in the World War II. The martial law act was used during conflicts in occupation cases where civil government provided for unstable populations. Governments used martial laws to detain people who

What is the Enlightenment project and how did it impact upon Christian Essay

What is the Enlightenment project and how did it impact upon Christian Theology - Essay Example Creative and critical thinking is an essential tool in analysis of theology, since all its aspects are related to the basic human understanding the origin of all creation and nature given the universal belief of a superior being. It is in this perspective that the philosophy of the holy trinity resulted in a deep examination of the biblical information and the church in general. Two different factions of Christians have come up, one group believes in the trinity that has God the father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. This group is referred to as the Trinitarian group (Leupp 2008). The other group which believed that God is one distinct being has come to be referred to as the Non Trinitarian group. A heated debate has always ensued when the existence of the two groups is discussed or debated. The Trinitarian group can never visualize God as a single distinct person. Olson argues that a non-Trinitarian creator God would need a world as his counterpart because personhood is a mystery of r elationship.The statement further says that man is equal with God and his Godhead and with humankind in his manhood. The existence of the two groups is actually the origin of Christian theology. As Christians realized that different groups had different beliefs, the early scholars dug deeper into the Bible history and in particular the different propositions it had. This started out as reflections on the implications and what the Christianity faith means. This insight started out as early as in during the era that the New Testament was written. Different episodes that Jesus taught on the Christian living guided the early church on the way they could live their lives in a way that their faith and convictions supported. Similar any other area of study, Christian theology has evolved from early introduction to Christian theology over the years, patristic theology, medieval Christian theology, western theology and ultimately into the modern Christian theology. It is in the context of mo dern theology, that the enlightenment project first emerged. The enlightenment project has dominated philosophy in the recent three hundred years promising a conception of rationality independent of historical and social context and independent of any specific understanding of man’s nature or purpose (Costa 2005).The enlightenment indicated tremendous changes which were known as the Copernican Shifts. These changes signified complete shifts in how the Christians viewed the world. These changes brought sharp differences between various scholars and Christian theology experts. People abandoned their earlier ways in the wake of the new beliefs. An aspect of the Christian living that changed is the revolution in thinking. This revolution brought about some significant shifts: A shift in authority. Before the enlightenment, two traditional sources of authority existed; the classics and the bibl

RESEARCH ON YOUTH CULTURE MOST INVARIABLY TENDS TO ROMANTICISE OR Essay

RESEARCH ON YOUTH CULTURE MOST INVARIABLY TENDS TO ROMANTICISE OR OVER-POLITICISE INSTANCES OF YOUTHFUL RESISTANCE. DISCUSS WITH REFERENCE TO Thornton, S, C - Essay Example There is not one monolithic youth culture that defines all young people. Popular youth culture embraces a diversity of sub-cultures or â€Å"tribes† such as skaters, druggies, snobs, band geeks, Satanists, Jesus freaks, techno-goths, computer dweebs, blacks, Latinos and white trash. Groups distinguish themselves by dress, style, music, body modification practices, race, ethnicity, and language. (Hines, 1999) Thus a researcher, who intends to study the ethnic, racial, political, cultural, sociological or linguistic aspect of a subculture, often ends up in analysing one of the factors and tend to romanticise or over-politicise these aspects. Subcultures were one of the major fields of inquiry at the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies in the 1970s, and this overview will take as its starting point Resistance Through Rituals, the BCCCS’s 1976 collection of working papers on the subject. In the introduction, the authors acknowledge their debt to the interactionist sociological approach to deviant behaviour, and especially to Howard Becker’s 1963 book Outsiders. Here, Becker’s theoretical work on art worlds and on deviance intersect in the classic study of freelance dance band musicians, whose â€Å"culture and way of life [were] sufficiently bizarre and unconventional for them to be labeled [sic] as outsiders by more conventional members of the community† (Outsiders 79). Becker builds an intricate ethnographic analysis around the values encoded in the concept of â€Å"hipness† (as opposed to â€Å"square† society) and the way such values are made to operate tactica lly within the subculture. This study, published in 1963, is part of the corpus referred to by Gelder and Thornton as the â€Å"Chicago school† whose themes (male urban opposition to ‘mainstream’ commercial and moral values) clearly prefigure the main preoccupations of the British cultural studies

Causes of the Increase in FDI Flows Across Countries

Causes of the Increase in FDI Flows Across Countries Growth literature The significant increase in FDI flows across countries is a clear indication of globalization of the world economies over the past 2 decades. Neoclassical model of growth as well as endogenous growth models provides the basis for most of the empirical work on the FDI-GROWH relationship. According to the neoclassical growth theory, economic growth generally comes from two sources: factors accumulation and total factor productivity growth (Felipe, 1997). Growth is easier to quantity and analyse while difficulties abound in the measurement of the Total Factor Production growth due to the lack of appropriate economic modeling techniques as well as lack of appropriate data. Neoclassical growth projected that based on aggregate production function that relates the total output of an economy to the aggregate amount of the labour, human capital, physical capital and level of technology, poor countries will grow faster than rich countries. Neoclassical growth theory implies that return on cap ital stock should be higher in poor countries than in rich countries. This implies that the impact of FDI is limited to its output growth effect in the short run, with no change in the long run growth rate. On the other hand, the Endogenous growth literature state that FDI can not only contribute to the economic growth through capital formation and technology transfers (Blomstrom et al.1996) but also do so through the augmentation of the level of knowledge through labour training and skill acquisition ( De Mello, 1999). Endogenous growth models emphasize on other channels including human capital accumulation and externalities or spillover effect through which FDI can promote growth in the long run. (Romer 1986, Loungani and Razin,2001). The three channels identify through which FDI affects growth; First, FDI increases capital accumulation in the host country by introducing new inputs and technologies (Dunning, 1993; Blomstrom et al. 1996). Second, FDI may stimulate knowledge transfers, both in terms of labour training and skill acquisition and by introducing alternative management practices and better organizational arrangements (De Mello, 1997).Third, FDI increases competition in the h ost country by overcoming entry barriers and reducing the market power of existing firms. Channels of Growth When a country’s foreign investment increase international production also increase rapidly, and thus investment only contribute towards the expansion of national markets but also larger scale regional and global markets( UNCTAD,1990). It is obvious that FDI will convey many benefits to the host country; one of them is economic growth. Hermes and Lensink(2000) has summarized different channels through which positive externalities related with FDI can arise namely: i)competition channel where increased competition is likely to result in increased productivity, investment in human and physical capital and efficiency. Increased competition may lead to changes in the industrial structure towards more competitiveness and more export oriented activities. ii) Training channel through increased training of labour and administration. FDI can also increase the quality of domestic human capital and improve the knowhow and managerial skills of local firms. (learning by watching effect) ii i) Linkages channel whereby foreign investment is often accompanied by technology transfer. FDI can encourage the adoption of new technology in the production process through capital spillovers. According to De Mello (1997) and OECD (2002), FDI affect growth is likely to depend on the economic and technological conditions in the host country. Therefore, technological spillover is possible only when there is certain minimum or threshold level of human capital available in the host country (Borensztein, et al. 1998) iv) domestic firms imitate the move advance technologies used by foreign firms commonly termed as the ‘demonstration channel’. By adapting new technologies and ideas (i.e. technological diffusion) they may catch up to the levels of technology in developed countries. The use of new technologies may be important in contributing to higher productivity of capital and labour in the host country. Local firms have an opportunity to improve their efficiency by learnin g and interacting with foreign firms. Benefits of FDI The economic rationale for offering special incentive to attract FDI frequently derives from the belief that foreign investment produces externalities in the form of technology transfers and spillovers. Spillover effects may take place when the entry or presence of foreign firms leads to productivity and efficiency benefits in the host country’s local firms (Blomstrà ¶m and Kokko 1998). There are two forms of spillover effects that foreign firms bring to the local industries which are Inter- and intra- industry spillover effects. Horizontal spillover also called intra-industry spillovers correspond to technological externalities associated with specific knowledge, such as management strategy and know-how and superior production techniques. Kokko (1996) argue that domestic firms benefits from the entry of foreign firms competition, imitation and workers’ productivity. Local firms will allocate more resources to product development and quality assurance in order to remain competitive. Gorg and Greenaway (2004) state that there are 4 channels through which horizontal spillover might occur Imitation which involves simulation of exclusive technology, management and marketing skills of foreign firms such that it will improve the productivity of local firms( Halpenn and Murakozy,2007) Human capital and labour turnover; Gory and Greenaway (2004) identify two mechanisms through which there is productivity spillover. First a direct spillover to complementary worker, as skilled labour working alongside labour tends to raise productivity of the latter. Second, workers that move carry knowledge with them new technology, new management techniques and consequently can become direct agents of technology transfer. Competition- as competition increase due to foreign firms, domestic firms have to introduce new technology in order to increase their efficiency(Glass and Saggi,2002) Export- local firms can learn penetration tactics which are viewed as essential for the export market. Hence they may experience cost reduction with exportation Recent studies based on micro-level panel data call into question the evidence of positive spillover and find either insignificant or negative intra industry spillovers. Haddad and Harrison (1993) find no significant relationship between the level of FDI and domestic firm’s productivity growth in the same sector for Morocco in late 80s. Aitken and Harrison (1999) find a negative relationship between the two variables for Venezuela manufacturing industries for the period 1970 to 1980. Vertical spillover also known as inter-industry spillovers consists of externalities occurring due to FDI through backward and forward linkages to input market. Usually when MNE make transaction with local suppliers and customers it may lead to the transfer of technology and know-how which subsequently will improve the intermediate product. MNE can increase the demand for the local input as a backward link to intermediate good suppliers hence increasing the productivity of domestic firms. Productivity can also be increase through forward linkages when domestic producers purchase more sophisticated intermediate goods from MNEs. Moran (2001) states that there are case studies which show that knowledge is transferred from downstream foreign affiliates to upstream, training and assistance as well as supervision in implementation of new technologies

The Value of Bar Mitzvah Essay -- Bar Mitzvah Speech

This is a Torah portion that I feel represented my values as a whole. The portion is a part of the Parsha Ha-Shavuah which centers on the story of Sarah (Abrahams wife) having a baby at a very old age, and the details around that. Included in the part that I’m reading, theres emphasis that you should be generally hospitable towards others, and that families don’t always follow â€Å"Traditional† patterns. Now, let me explain my values and how they fit into that Parsha: Humor- Humor is important to me because it helps me keep a fresh, clear outlook on life and just generally brightens someone's day- or my day- in general. Also there's that old stereotype that â€Å"Jews have so much to joke about they can't stop.† So why not just keep making jokes about everything!? It certainly helped us get through some of the hardships that our ancestors had, and in my experience, humor can make any situation better. Family- To me, family is the same things as Community; another value that plays at least a small part in my life. Community is family and Family is Community. I think of the Duke Lemur Center as a community of people who all love doing the same thing, but at the same time I like to think of it as a family as well. There’s also the more traditional sense of family that we all know about. Moms, Dads, Grandparents, Aunts, Uncles, Cousins, and other extended family members. Loyalty- I chose loyalty for a few reasons, but mostly the first thing I thought when I saw this was: Wouldn't it be ironic to choose â€Å"Loyalty† as a value, but then not stay loyal to your values and choice of values? The whole thing about loyalty- to people and things – Is keeping the belief or whatever faith you had in that thing or person and sticking to ... ...ence, and the editorial work my Dad helped me do on this (and almost everything I write today), because boy do I need it! I’d also like to thank My Uncle for the hard work he’s put into leading the whole thing, and being a generally awesome uncle. Lastly, I’d like to fully thank Ira for all the hard work he put into helping me make this whole process manageable. Arranging the meetings, giving me guidance and nudges towards the right direction, and being the guy who I can ask questions of and get a straight answer from. So, Ira, thank you so much! Obviously I am very grateful, and I hope we can continue to get to know each other even when this is done. What this experience has meant to me/done for me...why it was worth all the effort I put into it. Works Cited Marx, Harpo. 1961. Harpo speaks! [New York]: B. Geis Associates; distributed by Random House.

Organizational Structure Presentation Annotated Bibliography Essay

An organizational structure defines how activities such as task allocation, coordination and supervision are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims. It can also be considered as the viewing glass or perspective through which individuals see their organization and its environment. Organizational Structure Presentation Annotated Bibliography Buchbinder, S.B., & Shanks, N.H. (2012). Introduction to health care management (2nd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. In Organizational Behavior and Management Thinking is the overview of organizational behavior in health care. It identify how perceptions, thinking, mental models, and other thinking patterns play out in organizational life. It help managers with communication, problem solving, and decision making solely relying on the managers training. Employees are key to an organization’s success, how well the manager interacts and works with a variety of individuals is key to a manager’s success. A manager who is skilled in organizational behavior will be able to work effectively with employees and colleagues across the organization, assisting and influencing them to support and achieve organization goals. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, Promoting Quality: The Health-Care Organization from a Management Perspective. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/568115_4 Total quality management projects have traditionally existed within hospital management administrative teams, while clinical care was a guarded realm of healthcare professionals. In an organizational and management structures that support the design and implementation of quality-improvement initiatives and create mechanisms for accountability for quality of care. Healthcare organizations are constantly evolution, so organizational design should be considered a  variable and evolving tool for improving organizational performance. Healthcare delivery system in the 20th century are adopting a functional model based functional area various clinical departments, nursing, laboratory services that has a manager that reports to higher management levels and eventually to the hospital’s chief executive officer. Doucette, C. (2014). Internal and External Factors that Affect an Organization. In Small Business Chronicle. Retrieved August 1, 2015, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/internal-external-factors-affect-organization-16641.html The article explain how the structure is an internal factor that impacts your organization on an everyday basis. Improving the internal and external factors effects the culture of your organization by using interpersonal relationships, providing training materials, newsletters, philosophical statements and policies will help you employees to strive to achieve their goals. The author show how the lack of effective communication among the internal and external department can hinder the growth of your organization. She explain that your stockholder, investor, and consumer are affected when lack of communication impacts your organization image and possibly putting your organization out of business. Being that she is owns and operate a small business give insight on how to keep your from failing. Pizzini, W. (2002). The role of management control systems in health care organizations. Business Administration, Accounting Health Sciences, Health Care Management. Retrieved August 1, 2015, from http://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI3043938 The efficacy of management control systems (MCS) in containing health care organizations’ costs with healthcare cost on a steady rise it is necessary. From the standpoint of the organization financial mangers the ultimate goal is the decrease the cost while still maintaining quality care the patients while implementing Total Quality Management (TQM) programs and/or new cost systems. As financial managers you are held responsible to upper management to achieve financial targets that contribute to the overall profitability of the corporation. Neira, M. (n.d.). Preventing disease through healthy environments. World Health Organization. Retrieved August 1, 2015, from http://www.who.int/quantifying_ehimpacts/publications/prevdisexecsume.pdf?ua=1

A Balanced Scorecard Essays

A Balanced Scorecard Essays A Balanced Scorecard Essay A Balanced Scorecard Essay A Balanced Scorecard Shareholder Value or Financial Perspective, includes strategic objectives in areas such as: a. Market share b. Revenues and costs c. Profitability d. Competitive position In the next three years, Crestwood Manor board and care homes would like to improve the profitability of the board and care homes to 85%. This will help to recover the cost that it took to open and start the board and care program for Crestwood Manor. Customer Value Perspective, includes strategic objectives in areas such as: a. Customer retention or turnover b. Customer satisfaction c. Customer value Crestwood Manor would like an overall satisfaction from patients to be at 90% in the next three years. Process or Internal Operations Perspective, includes strategic objectives in areas such as: a. Measure of process performance b. Productivity or productivity improvement c. Operations metrics Crestwood Manor will make improvements to the overall success of the program by making the necessary changes needed with trial and error. Crestwood Manor would like the measure of process performance to improve to 85% in the next three years. Learning and Growth (Employee) Perspective, includes strategic objectives in areas such as: a. Employee satisfaction b. Employee turnover or retention c. Level of organization capability d. Nature of organization culture or climate e. Technological innovation Crestwood Manor would like to open and expand by 75% in the next three years to provide more homes in the central valley and throughout California. By setting these goals for Crestwood Manor board and care homes, it will allow me to keep track of the progress and to have goals to attain over the next three years. These goals will help expand and grow the board and care program for Crestwood Manor because they will allow me to make the necessary changes to be competitive and successful in the industry. These four goals will help me learn what is working and what is not working for Crestwood Manor and keep me accountable for the venture in the board and care program.

The monotonous education system Essays

The monotonous education system Essays The monotonous education system Essay The monotonous education system Essay A contrasting character to Sissy is Bitzer who is dull, pale and drained of any life or individuality. the boy who was so light-eyed and light-haired that he looked as though, if he were cut, he would bleed white. The fact her could have ‘bled white’ shows a contrast that he still has the individuality but it is made white, colourless like his personality that is filled with repetition of facts. This description of Bitzer contrasts enormously with Sissy’s the girl was so dark-eyed and dark-haired she seemed to receive a deeper more lustrous colour from the sun. Bitzer is seen as a lifeless zombie and represents the Victorian education system in the novel which contrasts with sissy representing freedom and individuality. Bitzer is seen to have become a slave to Gradgrind’s facts and the education system. One of the ways Dickens represents the way facts have become heavenly and a way of life is by his use of biblical language. â€Å"facts forbid† Gradgrind says this instead of heaven forbid, this shows that facts have become his god and he worships them and is obsessed. This is a clever technique to use because it highlights how obsessed some of the people in the Victorian period had become with just getting the facts and not being creative or fun. Further more in a world of hard facts and figures, Pegasus, the winged horse from Greek mythology, is a symbol of fancy and wonder. In Hard Times, Pegasus is associated with the circus people, who embody values that are quite different from those of Gradgrind and Bounderby. Slearys circus people live at an Inn called the Pegasuss Arms. The Inn has a picture of Pegasus on its sign-board, and inside there is a portrait of one of the circus horses, which is described as another Pegasus. This Pegasus has real gauze let in for his wings, golden stars stuck on all over him, and his ethereal harness made of red silk. The circus horses, in conjunction with the skill and daring of their riders, create a sense of wonder in the audience, allowing them to escape the drudgery of the hard facts world served up to them by people like Gradgrind and Bounderby. Seen in this light, the existence of the circus horses is a direct reproach to Gradgrind, who in Book I, chapter 2 asks the children in class to define a horse. Bitzer gives a factual definition: Quadruped. Graminivorous. Forty teeth, namely twenty-four grinders, four-eye teeth, and twelve incisive. This pleases Gradgrind, but it comes nowhere near to suggesting the capacities of the horse as symbolized by Pegasus. The book hard times is split up into two sections ‘reaping’ and ‘sowing’. These two titles have a significance to the story because at the beginning of the novel Gradgrind is force feeding the students facts and little did he know this would come back to haunt him later on in the novel. He is sowing the seeds which is a metaphor for him force feeding children facts and reaping the crops is a metaphor for when Bitzer ironically turns his back on Gradgrind. Lastly, it is clear that one of Dickens’ aims in writing this novel is to comment on his thoughts about the monotonous education system at the time. It was written in an attempt to challenge the view of this society at a time when practicality and facts were of greater importance and value than feelings and persons.  Names- Dickens also uses characters from the novels names to represent his anger at the point he was trying to get across such as ‘Mr. M’Choakumchild’ chokes his pupils with facts and Thomas Gradgrind grinds down the children. He shows his hatred for Victorian schools clearly in Hard Times and especially in his description of Gradgrind.

Create a security policy - Please read instructions Essay - 1

Create a security policy - Please read instructions - Essay Example increasingly important in organizations all over the world since the usage of internet has increased in all organizations and so as the problems that organizations may face if they do not properly monitor web usage of their employees. 1 Rubric Company is an advertising agency that has been in operation for more than 10 years now. As an advertising agency, policies in the organization have been quite lax especially in the case of internet use. Keeping in view, the excessive use of internet and internet related downloads; the management has been brought to consider the importance of responsible web usage. The objective of this policy is thus to ensure that the employees within the organization conduct a responsible behavior in terms of web usage. Responsible web usage policy has become increasingly important in organizations all over the world since the usage of internet has increased in all organizations and so as the problems that organizations may face if they do not properly monitor web usage of their employees. Rubric Company is an advertising agency operating for more than 10 years in Destin, Florida. The company has rapidly expanding its business and has developed a strong presence in the market. It has steadily been gaining clients of all kinds but the main clients of Rubric Company are restaurants in the area that want to advertise their company or want an up gradation on their menu designs. When the owner and CEO of the company, Chad Michaels opened up Rubric Company, he started from a small office in his own home but with his hard work and that of his fellow workers, he was able to quickly expand business. Within a year, Chad Michaels was able to break even on his company. Since Destin is mainly a tourist’s attraction, the company receives various small design jobs throughout the year and especially in the summer. Along with providing design services, the company also provides PR services and content writing services for some of its major clients.

American History Questions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

American History Questions - Coursework Example The case occurred as a result of appointment of William as Justice of peace in Columbia. The new president (Jefferson) failed to recognize the appointment a declared it as unconstitutional. The matter was moved to Supreme Court. This case was a significant in the United States judicial system because it gave Supreme Court power to declare laws made by congress as unconstitutional (History.Com, paras.2-4) The four major innovations which advanced American ingenuity/transportation include emergence of electric vehicles. Secondly, was the emergence of satellites that control air traffic, as well as innovation of Maglev trains and smart roads (Waugh and John, p.45)? The two positive actions that Andrew Jackson’s did were voting a bill that helped to re-chartered banks such as National bank. Secondly, he successfully overcomes Carolina from nullifying tariffs law. The negative actions that Andrew Jackson executed is attacking and taking Florida by force. He signed the Indian removal act of 1830 that led to displacement and massive killing of the Indian population (Waugh and John, p.92). Among the three major battles of the Mexican American war include; the first battle of Palo Alto that took place in 08/05/1846 and was led by Alta who fighting Texas. The second war was the battle of Resaca de La Palma which took place on 09/05/1946. This battle was aimed at retreating for Monterrey. The third war-involved Monterrey which took place on September 1846 between date 21 and 24.In this battle Taylor defeated the Mexican (Waugh and John, p.84). The founders of Women rights movement and abolition include; Elizabeth Candy and antis lave movement may be compared in the sense that they both inspired women to fight against slavery. In addition, women anti-slave movements were mostly led by women provided a source of unity among women and a platform where women could

St. Mark's Gospel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

St. Mark's Gospel - Essay Example The Messianic secrets and the obtuseness of his disciples are the two main themes of the gospel. The use of parables by Jesus to hide his true identity and fulfill the distained prophesies are perhaps a bit intriguing and even his disciples fail to understand the true implications of his miracles. Traditionally, the Christian churches are of the belief that the gospel of St. Mark is an epitome of Gospel of Matthew and it is therefore placed after The Gospel of Matthews in most bibles. According to scholars, contrary to the beliefs of the Christian churches, Gospel of St. Mark, is indeed the first of the canonical gospels and is supposed to be the source of inspiration and material for the gospels of Matthew and Luke. One of the foremost contributions of St. Mark's Gospel towards the Church of England is 'providing a sense of direction'. Before the gospel, numerous people were running here are there without a leader in place. They worshipped numerous Gods and had differing faiths. This resulted in vast differences in culture and people were always at loggerheads with each other. What was lacking in England was a common religion which could work to uplift the society as a whole. Hence, the Gospel was indeed a binder in terms of following a common God-Lord Jesus Christ. Another serious contribution of this story is about food. In the story, Jesus often invites his disciples to nourish themselves and although we ignore it a common occurrence, the irony remains that nourishment was the only means of providing peace and solace to his disciples. When the topic revolves around food, the disciples panic stating that it would take eight months of wages to have a peaceful meal. Jesus resolves their problem at the end of the gospel, thereby telling them and the Church of England that a simple and secure life, which has adequate nourishment and rest, is perhaps the best and by far the most ignored of all. (Hooker, 2001) The moral of the story revolves around four main aspects. The first is the problems concerning the discipleship, problems concerning the Church of England, problems concerning personal hopes and problems concerning our personal fears. Another important message which the Gospel grants to the Church of England is the importance of being one with each other. In the gospel, the disciples are shown as an arrogant lot who refuse to share food with the other fellow beings that are being drawn to Jesus. Well, Jesus refuses to provide food only to the disciples and insists that the disciples will get nourishment only if they willfully share the food with their fellowmen. The Church of England, which was divided and patronized the rich while ridiculing the poor, learnt its lesson of equality through the Gospel Of St. Marks. The message is clear-God is equal to all and he has no favorites. It is interesting to note that when the disciples ask Jesus to send the villagers away to fetch their own food as it is getting dark, Jesus refuses and states that the food would be provided by the disciples themselves. He supports his theory by stating that it was he who provided them (disciples) food on a regular basis, hence, it was now their (disciples) turn to do the same. The message instills a feeling of equality and the fact that nourishment is equal and required by both the rich as well as the underprivileged. The lesson of

Coffee and Starbucks Essay Example for Free

Coffee and Starbucks Essay Starbucks has been the most successful coffee chain using their aggressive expansion strategies to surpass its competitors. Through its expansion, Starbucks has focused on creating a dense network of stores all around US, while also opening up new locations all around the world. However, Starbucks’ aggressive expansion strategies have posed major threats to its financial health such as tight cashflows, increase debts, poor liquidity ratios and etc. In addition, this approach can exacerbate competition among close Starbucks stores. Due to the aggressive expansion, Starbucks has lost its internal focus in its core business coffee and its unique â€Å"Starbucks Experience – third place†. The issues are how Starbucks can stay profitable in the future and at the same time sustain its dominant position in the gourmet coffee industry. We have examined the industry analysis that focuses on the industry trends, the firm competitive environment and followed by a SWOT analysis on Starbucks. Finally, we look at the company strategy analysis that focuses on the Starbucks’ strategic intent and its strategic position. From these analyses, we recommend a few options where Starbucks should pursue moving forward in order to avoid further decline and sustain its dominant position. .:Company Background History:. Starbucks Coffee, Tea and Spice was established in 1971 by Jerry Baldwin, Zey Siegel and Gordon Bowker in Seattle to sell roasted coffee beans and coffee machines. (See Exhibit 1 for timeline) At that time, the founders’ philosophy was to provide high quality coffee and educate the public the art of appreciating fine coffee. It was the founders’ passion and strong commitment on educating the public that attracted Howard Schultz to join Starbucks in 1982 as the head of the marketing department, overseeing the company’s retail stores. On one of his business trips to Milan, Italy, Schultz stumbled upon an opportunity to revamp Starbucks and shift its focus from its original business activities. Schultz’s new business proposition for Starbucks was to serve freshly brewed coffee at their outlets which he sold to the founders without success. After many unsuccessful attempts, he left the Company. In 1987, Schultz acquired Starbucks from the founders and changed its name to the more abbreviated ‘Starbucks’ and modified her logo to what we see today. After the acquisition, he introduced the idea of ‘The Starbucks experience’ to all Starbucks’ outlets; that is to create a comfortable atmosphere for patrons to relax. From then on, every Starbucks outlet was the perfect duplicate of this concept. In 1992, Starbucks had launched an IPO and its common stock was being traded on the Nasdaq. In 1995, Starbucks venture overseas and formed a joint venture with SAZABY Inc to open Starbucks stores in Japan. In 1996, Starbucks first oversea outlet was opened in Tokyo. Today, Starbucks has a total of 7,087 Company operated stores and 4,081 License stores in US. Additionally, it has 1,796 Company operated stores and 2,792 Joint Venture and License store operating in other 43 countries. .:Definition of the Industry, Competitors and Scope of Analysis: Generally, Starbucks is in the Food and Beverages industry. However for the purpose of this paper, we would define Starbucks to be in the gourmet coffee industry with the following competitors : †¢Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf; †¢Costa Coffee; †¢Caribou Coffee (See Exhibit 2 for a brief write up on reasons for the choice of these competitors and some background information of them) For the purpose of this paper, our analysis will be focusing on Starbucks in US and Australia. The next section provides an overview of the gourmet coffee industry and the competitive environment in US and Australia. .:Overview of the Industry:. .:Political Forces:. Generally both the US and the Australia political situation appeared to be well established and stable. This will provide a good platform for both current businesses and new businesses to operate in. In US, despite the current verge of recession, the political mood is still likely to favour increased regulation of businesses. In addition, even though international tensions are likely to remain but their impact on political stability and economy will remain minimal. Similarly in Australia, the political climate is likely to remain relatively stable. Although the relationship between the federal government and the states had been rocky in the past; it has improved after the introduction of a more stable formula for revenue distribution. .:Economical Forces:. US: Real economic growth is expected to slow from an estimated 4% in 2008 to 3. 8% in 2009. The modest slowdown reflects the impact of lower demand from its trading partner. As these exists imbalances in the economy and the poor short-term outlook for growth, it is assumed that conditions in the US are now recessionary and that growth will remain very weak in 2009. This will in turn affect the GDP and the disposable income of its residents. Australia: Traditionally, rapid growth in Australia has been slowdown recently due to recession. Improved monetary and fiscal management have reduced macroeconomic volatility, but risks and imbalances are present. The low domestic savings rate renders the banking system dependant on foreign financing. The current account deficit is large, and international financial markets may start to worry about the underlying causes. Bubble conditions also seem to exist in the housing market. .:Socio-cultural Forces: Consumers’ Perceptions and Disposable Income:. US: There had been an increase in coffee consumption in the US market though the rate had slowed down in 2005 posing threats to coffee retailers. Recently, US consumers had increasingly opt for healthier hot drinks such as tea and RTD beverages which affect coffee consumption rate. The trend is likely to continue, leading to decline in coffee consumption. Australia: Coffee sales had experienced quite lukewarm growth from 2000 to 2005. The culture of cafe had caused more people to opt for on-trade sales coffee at the cafe instead of home-brewed coffee. According to BIS Shrapnel, people increasingly tend to go to cafes for their coffee and there is an increase of 50% within 2 years in coffee consumption. .:Technological Forces: Technological Developments:. Technological changes have created many new products and processes. It helps to reduce costs, improve quality and lead to innovations which in turn benefits consumers as well as organizations. Many organizations in the gourmet coffee industry had recognized the importance of providing wireless internet access and Wi-Fi hotspots to its patrons. These technology advances had created a leisure place for patrons to surf net or hang out after home and work. Most of the organizations had also introduced automated coffee machines to speed up the brewing process so as to shorten waiting time. To further improve business operations and efficiency, some organizations have also make use of information technology systems to help them run their businesses more smoothly. .:Environmental Forces:. With major climate changes occurring due to global warming, many organizations in the gourmet coffee industry had increased their environment awareness by reduced the usage of disposable cups to serve coffee and increased the use of ceramic mugs. Furthermore, the organizations had also reduced the size of their paper napkins, paper bags and in store garbage bags. The organizations were also encouraged to purchase Fairtrade certified coffees so as to promote responsible environmental and economic efforts. The following section presents our analysis of gourmet coffee industry with the aid of Michael Porters 5 Forces model. .: Analysis of Gourmet Coffee Industry- Porter 5 Forces:. Please refer to exhibit 3 for the criteria used for the scoring of each forces and an analysis of each forces. Force #1: Threat of New Entry:. †¢Threat of new entry is high. †¢High start up cost involved in purchasing equipments, sourcing for coffee beans and training barista. †¢Strong brand identity leading to high switching cost for consumers Score: 10 Force #2: Threat of Substitutes:. †¢Substitutes are gourmet coffee of a different brand †¢Current gourmet coffee industries is saturated †¢High switching cost. †¢Threat of substitutes considered to be relatively high Score: 6 Force #3: Bargaining Power of Suppliers:. †¢Majority of commercially available coffee beans come from a few industrializes countries. †¢Increase the cost of coffee houses in sourcing and gaining access to these high quality coffee beans. †¢Bargaining power of suppliers is relatively high Score: 5 Force #4: Bargaining Power of Consumers†¢Bargaining power of customers is relatively neutral. †¢Current player gained brand loyalty †¢Product differentiation helps to retain current customer and attract new customers. †¢However price sensitive customers might seek for cheaper alternative. Score: 0 Force #5: Rivalry between Competitors:. †¢Intensity of rivalry is moderate. †¢Brand identity and high switching cost is relatively unfavorable to new player that has just entered the market. Score: 3 Conclusion:From the above analysis, we noted that the threat of new entry, the bargaining power of the supplier and threat of substitutes are relatively high. On the other hand the bargaining power of the consumers is neutral and the intensity of rivalry is moderate. Hence from the above.

Teaching Students How to Write Essay -- English Writing Teacher Studen

Experience shapes us, randomness shapes us, the stars and weather, our own accommodations and rebellions, above all, the social order around us. Adrienne Rich, "Of a Women Born" My four-year old daughter now has the yearning to learn how to write. She scribbles illegible swirls, which she says is her story about a princess. She prints her name "Olivia" on books, magazines, and on her drawings. When she has a pen or crayon in hand she has an immediate urgency to write her name and where ever there is a flat surface she prints her name incorrectly. When I tell her there are not two "I"s in her name and attempt to show her the correct spelling, she throws her crayon in the air. What is essential and what I must remind myself is that at the moment, in her world, the spelling of her name is Oliia. When I hover over her shoulder as she scribbles, she stops writing. She feels inhibited, so now I resist teaching her writing. This is how I imagine many teachers feel when faced with a pile of essays written by high school students, which are streamed with grammatical errors and incoherent sentences. They feel apathy, as do many students, about writing. After reading t exts required for our composition theory class, I sympathize with students', teachers' and my daughter's frustration. Time is spent on error identification and what constitutes a finished piece, rather than on the potential of a piece of writing and the process of completing that piece. Time is not spent on how to create a "good" piece, or as Donald Murray describes, "rehearsal, drafting, revision and connecting." In a sense I could say Olivia is rehearsing the spelling of her name. It is no wonder she is throwing her crayon in the air, because I am correcting her versus ... ...se for Conflict." Contending with Words. New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1991. 105-124. Kirsch, Jesa E. Ritcie, Joy S, "Beyond the Personal: Theorizing a Politics of Location in Composition Research." College Compositon and Communciation 46 (Feb. 1995):7-19. Murray, Donald M. A writer teaches writing. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. 1968. Rich, Adrienne. Of Woman Born. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.1986. Royster, Jacqueline Jones. "When the First Voice You Hear Is Not Your Own." College Composition and Communication 47.1(Feb.1996): 29-40. Welch, Nancy, "Revising a Writer's Identity:Reading and "Re-Modeling" in a Composition Classroom." College Composition and Communication. 47(Feb 1996):41-27. Zawacki, Terry Myers. "Recomposing as a Woman-An Essay in Different Voices." College Composition and Comunication 43(Feb.1992):32-38.

Famous Immigrant Entrepreneur from Pakistan in USA Essay

Edible Arrangements is a U. S. -based franchising business that specializes in fresh fruit arrangements, melding the concept of fruit baskets with design inspired by the floral business The company is headed by Tariq Farid, who partnered with his brothers to open the first Edible Arrangements store in Hamden, Connecticut in 1999. After designing the computer systems, training manuals, production and profitability tracking and supply chain management process, they began franchising the concept in 2001. As of 2008, the business had grown to more than 900 stores serving locations in the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom. In March 2008 Edible Arrangements was reported to have annual revenues of $195 million Netsolace Netsolace is a technology company that provides groundbreaking technology solutions for the franchise industry. For franchisors seeking the ultimate control over their businesses, both in terms of relationship management and operational efficiency, Netsolace offers a suite of proven software solutions that enables better monitoring, communications and data management at each stage of the franchise lifecycle. Our comprehensive suite of convenient and flexible web-based applications can be accessed from anywhere. They are designed to support both the franchisor and franchisee business needs and provide real time information for comprehensive data analysis and management reporting. To see how we can help you, please review our site or contact us. We will be happy to answer your questions and demonstrate how our solutions can help your business and its bottom line. Life History Tariq Farid was born near Lahore, Pakistan, in 1969, the oldest of six children of Glulam and Salma Farid. His father immigrated to the United States in the 1970s, working in Connecticut as a machinist. Tariq Farid arrived in the United States with the rest of the family in 1981, when he was 11 years old. As a teenager, Tariq mowed lawns and worked in a McDonald’s restaurant. In 1986, when he was 17, the family bought and began operating a flower shop in East Haven, Connecticut. While working in the family business, which expanded to additional locations, Tariq developed a computerized point of sale system for floral shops, and struck out on his own in 1991 in a business selling computer systems to flower retailers. Tariq launched the first Edible Arrangements ® store in 1999 in East Haven, Connecticut. He was inspired by the convergence of three trends: Americans’ growing consumption of fresh fruit, the robust growth in the specialty food market and the increasing amount of money Americans were spending on gifts. Edible Arrangements ® was named one of America’s fastest-growing privately held businesses in America by Inc. magazine and one of the top franchise systems in Entrepreneur Magazine’s Franchise 500. Tariq has four pending U. S. patents for proprietary fruit-cutting equipment that he designed. Achievements In 2009 Tariq was recognized as Entrepreneur of the Year by the International Franchise Association. IN 2009 Tariq was named the Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year. He spoke at the 3rd Leadership Summit held by the council for the advancement of Muslim Professionals and at the Small Business Summit held by The New York Times. Tariq Farid was born in Pakistan in 1969 and immigrated to the United States at age 11. He grew up in West Haven, Connecticut and became a U. S. citizen in 1986. He developed the Salma K Farid Academy, a non-profit learning and community center, to honor the wishes of his late mother whom he credits as the inspiration for his success, and the Salma K Farid Foundation to provide for those in need Current Capital 700 Million Dollars His Interview Published in New York Time I WAS born in Pakistan and came to the United States in 1981, when I was 11. My grandfather owned a farm in Pakistan and we had been fairly well-to-do. We started at the bottom when we came here. My father found a job as a machinist during the day and worked at McDonald’s and Burger King at night. All five of my siblings pitched in. I delivered newspapers to 300 houses. Instead of putting the paper into the mailbox, I’d deliver it to the door. I got great tips. When I was 13, a flower shop hired me to water the flowers. Soon I was taking care of orders. By 16, I had learned a lot. One day my father found a flower shop for sale in the paper. The owner wanted $6,000. My dad asked me if I could run the shop, and I said sure. We got a cash advance and a loan from a friend. I thought I’d negotiate, and asked the owner what terms he was offering. He looked at me as if to say, â€Å"What can this kid possibly know? † We opened a week before Easter and earned about $50 a day. I stayed open until 7 p. m. , seven days a week, because few other flower shops did. I thought $350 a week was wonderful. Soon, sales doubled, and I was shocked. Five years later, we had three shops and were making close to $1 million a year. I said we needed to make more, about $5,000 a day. My mother asked me if I remembered when I was making $50 a day and she suggested that I relax. I told her that it never really ends, and that I could achieve that goal. It was a lot of work. I didn’t really have a social life. We stayed open on holidays. On my way to high school, I’d drop off my mother at the shop. She spoke no English, so I told her what to do to supervise the two employees. After school I’d make flower arrangements and deliver them myself until I could hire a driver. I attended college part-time, but I started weighing the benefit against what I was making. I decided to put off school, and I never finished. I was so young when I started a career that I blindly jumped into it. Edible Arrangements, which I started in 1999 with my brother, Kamran, goes back to our roots. In Pakistan, my father always brought home tons of fruit for us. When we started the company, we created basic fruit arrangements that included fresh pineapple, strawberries, cantaloupe and more, and later added extras like chocolate and cinnamon toppings. We got 30 orders the first day. We had learned from our flower stores, so this time did everything right. A stranger asked about opening a store, which gave us the idea to franchise them. I knew nothing about the franchise industry, so I contacted an association for the names of experts and found Michael Seid. He gave great advice. I’ve started several other companies. One is Frutation by Edible Arrangements, which includes salads and fruit drinks. They’re sold in Edible Arrangements stores and stand-alone stores. I also started Netsolace, which provides software for the franchise industry. Another, Berry Direct, offers containers, vases and other products to our Edible Arrangements franchisees and other companies. I just started the Farid Capital Corporation; a financing company that helps franchisees buy equipment. When I was starting out, I used to give my mother $50 a week. When I wanted to buy a building for our second Edible Arrangements location, I needed $40,000 more than I had. My mother had saved the money I gave her over the years and handed it back to me. She asked only that I do something in her name someday and give her $20,000 for my sister’s wedding. When my mother passed away in 2000, I started a foundation in her memory. The organization built a hospital in Pakistan for needy people and an Islamic school in the United States.

Drug Control

We Must Do Better About Drugs As we know, all countries in the world prohibited hard drug, but it means that we are safe and far from drugs? Definitely not! Drug eliminated from aboveboard; still lived under the night. Prescription drug abuse is the Nation’s fastest-growing drug problem; smuggling of drug can never disappear (2011 National Drug Control Strategy 4). By the way, women’s involvement in drug trafficking in recent years has expanded dramatically (Campbell 233). Spreading of Drug decreases a nation’s physical quality, psychological condition, and life expectancy.Because no country could afford those integral losses bring from pressure of public medical benefit, no one open hard drugs. Drug is the demon, which come in from crack of door, continue his villainy that should be bar out. We cannot wait to raise awareness of drug control; we cannot wait to improve our tactics; we cannot wait to arrest more loss happen. Executions of prohibitions, living examp les of suffering, and confirmed side-effects warn us must focus on the issue. Prohibition in worldwide was actually helped. Making a general survey of our history, people have experienced full of wound bring by drug abuse.In 1840, opium was used by British government as weapon to raise the certain of invasion in China. The plentiful opium destroyed Chinese army, caused factory deficit of labors, and induced a mass of sliver outflow. The nightmare had drop away already. Today, smuggling of drug are still rampant. The grim axiom defining today's Afghanistan, 85 percent of whose citizens are farmers, farmers who cultivate fields of poppies, is that its economy relies on two dueling revenue streams (Draper 58). At May 2, 2011, United States Government Accountability Office acted Office of National Drug Control Policy.The document focused on three areas where substantial short-term progress can make a significant different in people’s lives—prescription drug abuse, drugged driving, and prevention. The document points out that whether struggling with an addiction, worrying about a loved one’s substance abuse, or being a victim of drug related crime, millions of people in this country live with the devastating consequences of illicit drug use. Overall the economic impact of illicit drug use on American society totaled more than $ 193 billion in 2007, the ost recent year for which data are available. Drug-induced deaths now outnumber gunshot deaths in America, and in 17 states and Washington, D. C. , they now exceed motor vehicle crashes as the leading cause of injury death. In addition, 1 in every 10 cased of HIV diagnosed in 2007 was transmitted via injection drug use, and drug use itself fosters risky behavior contributing to the spread of infectious diseases nationwide. Furthermore, studies of children in foster care find that two-thirds to three-quarters of cases involve parental substances than high-achieving students.Finally, Americans with drug or alcohol use disorder spend more days in the hospital and require more expensive care than they would absent such disorder. This contributes to almost $ 32 billion in medical costs per year—a burden that our communities, employers, and small business cannot afford to bear. This document planed to achieve two goals in 2015. The first one is curtail illicit drug consumption in America; the second one is that improve the public health and public safety of the American people by reducing the consequences of drug abuse. 2011 National Drug Control Strategy 1) Still nowadays, some individual continues the tragedy about drug abuse. Bad trip is generic name of symptoms after taking hallucinogen. They start small and can snowball into anxiety, fear, paranoia, and paralysis. People experiencing a bad trip may appear withdrawn and silent or visibly upset, scared or wild. They may curl up into fetal position. Sufferer may feels like his is going insane, or losing control or dying. And he may get caught in circular thoughts, like a hall of mirrors.The anxiety may trigger breathlessness or even a full-blown panic attack (Lawrence 28). K3 is a kind of hallucinogen, which just is ban in Kansas for only one month. Before its ban, so many people experienced bad trip from it. After the poor nice feeling, billowy terrible emotions will come. Some people may black out when they driving or do something, the disruption would cause accident. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, roughly one in eight weekend, nighttime drivers tested positive for illicit drug. Wu et al. 358) In 2009, drivers who were killed in motor vehicle crashes (and subsequently tested and had results reported), one in three tested positive for drugs. One in eight high school seniors self-report that in the last 2 weeks they drove a car after using marijuana( Lu et al. 111). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) claimed that more than 27,000 people died from drug overdose death in 2007. Drug is the Dementor, a kind of monster in Hurry Potter, which living relys on people’ blessedness and soul.Apiate caused low physical quality, dysendororisiasis and anaphrodisia; ice and other amphetamine would lead to over exciting, which likely cause violence crime, also make permanent physical injury to brain; taking heroin may live in 20 years, however, taking ice must get mad in five years; also, marijuana increase lung cancer rate; LSD, Lysergids may caused schizophrenia (Jafari 373). According to a survey of Addiction Treatment Centre in Yunnan China, rate of drug relapse closes to one hundred percent (Zhu et al. 641).Drug and alcohol use affects health outcomes, job opportunities, family life, military preparedness, and academic outcome. It is necessary for us to raise awareness against any kinds of drugs. Also government should improve job market to ensure the livelihood of poor people, thus they did not have to plant or charge drug for money, expressly in some barren regions. At the same time, strong policy is important for drug control. Prescriptive drug use should be limited and customers have to register their name and information. Severe punitive measures will be effective, and powerful immigration control will be helpful.Government and school have responsibility to let students know how bad drug is. Milton Friedman, Noble Prize in Economic Science owner in 1976, had claimed that â€Å"Reason with the potential addict, yes. Tell him the consequences, yes. Pray for and with him, yes. But I believe that we have no right to use force, directly or indirectly, to prevent a fellow man from committing suicide, let alone from drinking alcohol or taking drugs. † (Thompson 546) He believed that we seem decided to make the same mistake as Alcohol ban in early 1920. Is that true?The right way to reduce suffering drug brings to us is making drug legal? Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth. Spreading of D rug decreases a nation’s physical quality, psychological condition, and life expectancy. Because no country could afford those integral losses bring from pressure of public medical benefit, no one open hard drugs. It’s not true that drug control leads to high price of it; it’s not true that drug control cause poor quality drug which more harmful to physical; it’s not true that drug control convenient people â€Å"plant† charge of concealing drug to others.This monster breaks up happiness family, rein people’ life which should have bright light, destroy a nation doomed eternally. That’s drug’s truth. People need control themselves away from drug, human also do. Prohibition of drug is an effective way. Some people consider that drug control already start an end of drug age. The fact is that although sun was here, the dark still remain in nook. Human became stronger because of our reason and automatic control. However, drug could broke our magic clear brain, let us mad or decadence and lose our brave emotions and logical.As we cannot sure to control us from nerve disturb, far away from drug is the most sensible choice. Before we try it, we can choose take it or not, however, after taking, reason and knowledge and intelligence forfeit their power to stop calamity happening. So, just take care! ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Hypophora. This sentence asks a question that will be answered immediately after. [ 2 ]. Antithesis. Expresses opposite concepts to highlight emphasis on the topic. [ 3 ]. Parallelism. The state of being parallel or of corresponding in some way. [ 4 ].Metaphor. The sentence in order to show that the two things have same qualities. [ 5 ]. Anaphora. The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses. [ 6 ]. Parallelism. The state of being parallel or of corresponding in som e way. [ 7 ]. Parallelism. The state of being parallel or of corresponding in some way. [ 8 ]. Oxymoron. Apparently contradictiory terms appear in conjunction. [ 9 ]. Metaphor. The sentence in order to show that the two things have same qualities. [ 10 ]. Parallelism. The state of being parallel or of corresponding in some way. 11 ]. Hypophora. This sentence asks a question that will be answered immediately after. [ 12 ]. Parallelism. The state of being parallel or of corresponding in some way. [ 13 ]. Anaphora. The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses. [ 14 ]. Parallelism. The state of being parallel or of corresponding in some way. Metaphor. [ 15 ]. Oxymoron. Apparently contradictiory terms appear in conjunction. [ 16 ]. Metaphor. The sentence in order to show that the two things have same qualities. [ 17 ]. Analogy. Comparision between one thing and another.

Reality Of Death Essay

Reality Of Death Essay Reality Of Death Essay Reality of Death As time has progressed, people in this country have become less and less immune to the reality of death. Due to this, life does not seem as valuable to some as it does to others. People don’t always think about the consequences death has on people and how it affects them emotionally. No matter who is being killed death will always have a negative affect on someone, as seen in the visual of Pei Xia Chen; wife of Officer Wenijan Liu is deeply saddened by the death of her husband. When a person is killed it only leads to heartache, heartache that will slowly eat at a person and tear them down day by day. Though death sometimes seems small because it has no direct relation to the viewer, it will always be a monumental incident in someone else’s life because that’s the reality of death. Unfortunately death is not inevitable, it will eventually play a role in everyone’s lives. Sadly death can happen for some sooner than it will happen for others, and no matter when or how death happens it will always be out of the person’s control. Unfortunately death can also be the result of murder, whether premeditated or even spontaneous. For Officer Liu death was not preventable, his attacker Ismaaiyl Brinsley had a plan to murder any police officers that he came across. A plan that would turn a beautiful sunny day in New York into a dark gruesome crime scene. The visual is surrounded by darkness, darkness that was created by the brutal murders that took place, and a darkness that laid rest over New York for weeks as everyone tried to make since of the killings. The overall vision for the photograph was darkness and sadness, photographer Carlo Allegri wanted to show how death is a very tragic and sorrowful time that nobody should have to go through, not even the families of officers that are here to protect and serve. Often times at funerals family, friends and other visitors wear black to help mourn the dead Mrs. Chen is no exception to this rule. She is wearing a heavy jacket that is black as a cold winters night, black is the absence of all colors, and death is the absence of all light. When Mrs. Chen wears black she is showing that black is permanence, as is her husbands death. Nothing she can do nor say will bring Officer Liu back from the dead, all she has to hold onto are the memories she has with him. Also in the visual, almost in the direct center you can see Ms. Liu wearing bright white gloves holding a candlestick. Candles are often lit at a funeral service because light is pure as if it were to re-nourish the life of someone who has passed. Same with the bright white gloves, readers can infer that the purity of the candle should be handled with the hand of someone that is also pure. Also showing aspects of purity viewers can see the portrait of Officer Wenijan Liu. The picture that Mrs. Chen is holding was the picture that Officer Liu took as his headshot for the New York Police Department. Officer Liu can be

The art of losing Essays

The art of losing Essays The art of losing Paper The art of losing Paper Essay Topic: Elizabeth Bishop Poems This essay is mainly focused on Elizabeth Bishops poem One Art, and the recurrent theme of losing, depicted as an art, or as the poet might say: the art of losing. This paper will also focus on the poems form and the way in which the usage of certain conventions, such as tone, language, syntax (adjectives, adverbs and verbs) and form help to convey the poets message, which suggests that loss can lead to the mastery of the art of losing. The poems title conveys the suggestion that its contents deal with the theme of art, which may be considered an irony; in the sense that as the reader goes through the lines he realizes that the poem is not about art, but about the art of losing. This art, as suggested in the poem, resembles an acquired and accomplished skill that results from the experience of losing insignificant things, which will lead, throughout the experience gained, to an art of losing rather important things in life. The art of losing and the poems form Elizabeth Bishops poem is structured in a way in which one may notice the poets struggle in expressing herself. It seems as she is trying to state something different to what is being expressed. Chief among these conceptions there is a powerful sense of loss. She is able to achieve all this throughout the manipulation of language and form. Even the tone of the poem seems to avoid the real intended argument that the form of the poem tries to put forward (which will be discussed throughout this essay). As mentioned before in the introduction, most of the poem is filled with irony. The first and most important indication of such irony is depicted in the refrain line: the art of losing isnt hard to master (line 1). Throughout this ironic indication it becomes obvious that this poem is not about art, but about the art of losing, which becomes a skill that can only be acquired and accomplished through countless hours of practice. The irony held in the poem becomes evident by revealing that losing is an art. Without a doubt, it is ironic to see how a frustrating and difficult part of life can be considered an art. The tone also changes in each of the stanzas. In the first stanza, Bishop speaks in tones of a rather experienced woman who has gone through situations which lead her to assert that with the intent to be lost [ ] their loss is no disaster (lines 2-3). This, however, resembles the daily loss of keys, and time. Such parallelisms of lost things provide a temporary distraction that repels the reader away from the force built in the poem. Apparently the poet tries to hide her pain caused by the loss of a dear one, thinking that by embracing loss, she can master the art she is longing to obtain, the art of losing. In the second stanza Bishop suggests the reader, throughout the usage of imperatives, to lose something every day and accept the fluster (line 4). Through the usage of imperatives and by sounding dominant, Bishop tells the reader that the art of losing isnt hard to master. The only thing that is left is to accept the fluster of lost door keys, the hour badly spent(lines 4-5). Up to this point it seems as if the poet is trying to provide the reader with a guide devoted to the mastering of art losing. Suggesting that by following her simple advices, the reader can, too, achieve such art. It seems as if Bishop is trying to put forward the philosophical reflection of the first stanza throughout imperatives and a second person speaker. The third stanza intensifies the intention of the previous stanza in being developed as a command with a simple shift to then(line 7). Bishop puts forward an increasingly dynamic agenda devoted to loss, she commands the reader to practice losing farther, losing faster(line 7), but now she is not losing simple things. Bishop goes from losing simple things to losing places, and names, and where it was you meant to travel (line 8). It appears as if she is simply shifting the tone to a confessional one, since it has become evident, up to here, that Bishop is the one who speaks, which will become evident in the following stanza, she addresses the reader and shares her own experiences. Throughout the poem, the changes in tone and speaker bestow the poets efforts to cover up her true feelings. She goes from denying the importance of losing significant, but rather essential things, to the loss of personal belongings. The usage of colloquial language intensifies the poems emotional power that has been hidden until now. The rhyme scheme Bishop employs and the usage of the villanelle appeal to put forward the intention and message of the poem, apart from lessening the seriousness of Bishops true feelings. The poem in the fourth and fifth stanzas gains intensity, since the poet refers to the loss of properties, and places.

Social vs. Societal

Social vs. Societal Social vs. Societal Social vs. Societal By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between social and societal? Not much, but enough that you may become the victim of social stigma if you ignore subtle societal signals. Societal is the pedantic alternative to social. They both mean â€Å"pertaining to society,† but as the latter word, first attested in the Middle Ages, was increasingly used in the modern era to refer to interpersonal contact rather than in the context of complex forces within human populations, societal appeared in the latter part of the nineteenth century as a more serious, scholarly alternative. It is mostly seen in such usage and is otherwise considered pretentious. Even now, social is more likely to appear in phrases referring to individuals, not groups, such as â€Å"social disposition,† â€Å"social engagement,† and â€Å"social life.† Societal, on the other hand, is employed in contexts like â€Å"societal pressure to conform,† though social still has the same import in usage such as â€Å"social institutions,† which refers to widespread traditions, not venues where people hang out. Standing phrases that include social also include â€Å"social climber,† referring to a person who tries to rise above his or her station in life; â€Å"social disease,† a euphemism for â€Å"venereal disease† (one spread through sexual contact), or any disease whose distribution is related to socioeconomic factors; and â€Å"social drinker,† which denotes a regular imbiber of alcoholic beverages whose indulgence is not considered excessive. The most ubiquitous such phrase of the last decade or so, however, is â€Å"social network(ing),† a case of an unfortunate usurpation of a useful term for a diluted sense: In most contexts, a social network is a virtual web of friends, acquaintances, and colleagues or professional contacts, enabled by recent technological innovations, that is widely seen as contributing to a more expansive yet much more superficial outlook on interpersonal communication and interaction than was prevalent in the past. (Yet the telephone, the telegram, and other once innovative devices were in their day similarly derided for weakening the social contract.) More provocative phrases are â€Å"social Darwinism,† the name for the theory that some social groups are biologically superior to others, and â€Å"social engineering,† which has two senses: large-scale manipulation or influencing of society, or deceptive collection of confidential personal information. The ancestor of both words is socius, Latin for â€Å"accomplice,† â€Å"ally,† or â€Å"companion.† Other terms that stem from this parentage include sociology, which primarily means â€Å"the study of aspects of large groups of people† the more far-reaching equivalent of psychology, which focuses on the behavior of individuals and socialite, a mildly pejorative term for a person with prominent status in society, usually as a result of abundant wealth. Antisocial, meanwhile, denotes behavior averse or hostile to society, and asocial refers to someone who avoids engaging in society. Socialism is a term coined in the mid-nineteenth century to apply to sometimes competing ideas of governance, often similar to and often confused with those of communism, in which the state controls production and distribution of goods and services. A related term is association, referring to networks of relationships. Interestingly, this term is the origin of a word for the globally popular sport known in most of the world as football (or a transliteration such as fussball or futbol) but in the United States called soccer: Originally, this game, to distinguish it from rugby football (now usually called simply rugby), was termed â€Å"association football.† Slang usage shortened this term to assoc and later soccer. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Whimsical WordsProved vs. ProvenMankind vs. Humankind